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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) - Monaco (2001)
Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) z Monaco (2001)
| Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) | Monaco (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | - | none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo |
| Age structure | - | 0-14 years:
15.32% (male 2,503; female 2,375) 15-64 years: 62.23% (male 9,731; female 10,083) 65 years and over: 22.45% (male 2,921; female 4,229) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | - | none |
| Airports | - | linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service |
| Area | total: 5 sq km
land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island |
total:
1.95 sq km land: 1.95 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
| Background | These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. | Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center. |
| Birth rate | - | 9.74 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | - | revenues:
$518 million expenditures: $531 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995) |
| Capital | - | Monaco |
| Climate | tropical | Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers |
| Coastline | 74.1 km | 4.1 km |
| Constitution | - | 17 December 1962 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands
conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands |
conventional long form:
Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco |
| Currency | - | French franc (FRF); euro (EUR) |
| Death rate | - | 13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | - | $NA |
| Dependency status | territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | Monaco does not have an embassy in the US
consulate(s) general: New York |
| Disputes - international | Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia closed the surrounding waters to Indonesian traditional fishing and created a national park in the region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the vicinity | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | - | $NA |
| Economy - overview | no economic activity | Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | NA kWh |
| Electricity - imports | - | NA kWh
note: electricity supplied by France (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 3 m |
lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mont Agel 140 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
| Ethnic groups | - | French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21% |
| Exchange rates | - | euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996) |
| Executive branch | - | chief of state:
Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch (born 14 March 1958) head of government: Minister of State Patrick LECLERQUE (since 5 January 2000) cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government |
| Exports | - | $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France |
| Fiscal year | - | calendar year |
| Flag description | the flag of Australia is used | two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $870 million (1999 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $27,000 (1999 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | - | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 12 14 S, 123 05 E | 43 44 N, 7 24 E |
| Geography - note | Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 | second smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban |
| Heliports | - | 1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille) |
| Highways | - | total:
50 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | - | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | - | $NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France |
| Independence | - | 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi) |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | NA% |
| Industries | - | tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products |
| Infant mortality rate | - | 5.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | NA% |
| International organization participation | - | ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 0 sq km (1998 est.) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | - | Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council) |
| Labor force | - | 30,540 (January 1994) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total:
4.4 km border countries: France 4.4 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2001) |
arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (urban area) |
| Languages | - | French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque |
| Legal system | the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply | based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Legislative branch | - | unicameral National Council or Conseil National (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 1 and 8 February 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UND 18 |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population:
78.98 years male: 75.04 years female: 83.12 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition:
NA total population: 99% male: NA% female: NA% |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island | Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Europe |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 12 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
territorial sea:
12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | none (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force | defense is the responsibility of France |
| National holiday | - | National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November |
| Nationality | - | noun:
Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s) adjective: Monegasque or Monacan |
| Natural hazards | surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards | NA |
| Natural resources | fish | none |
| Net migration rate | - | 7.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| People - note | the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem | - |
| Political parties and leaders | - | National and Democratic Union or UND [leader NA]; National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM [leader NA]; Rally for the Monegasque Family [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | NA |
| Population | no indigenous inhabitants
note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2005 est.) |
31,842 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | - | NA% |
| Population growth rate | - | 0.46% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only | Monaco |
| Radio broadcast stations | - | AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 34,000 (1997) |
| Railways | - | total:
1.7 km standard gauge: 1.7 km 1.435-m gauge |
| Religions | - | Roman Catholic 90% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | 21 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | - | general assessment:
modern automatic telephone system domestic: NA international: no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system |
| Telephones - main lines in use | - | 31,027 (1995) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | - | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | - | 5 (1998) |
| Terrain | low with sand and coral | hilly, rugged, rocky |
| Total fertility rate | - | 1.76 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | - | 3.1% (1998) |
| Waterways | - | none |
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